The Big Data Analysis of Detoured Air Traffic Caused by Military Conflicts in Eastern Europe and Countries of Middle East

Military conflicts in recent years have caused a significant impact on air transportation system. War in Ukraine and significantly limited-in-use airspaces of Russian Federation and Belarus affect total amount of available airspace for flight planning. In addition, during June 2025 airspaces of Israel, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, and Syria have been closed due to invasion risk and military activity. In this paper, open surveillance data have been used to analyze the impact of limited airspace on intelligent transportation system. The big data analysis of airplane trajectories obtained by automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast (ADS-B) technology is used. The 94 unique flights that have been identified as using a detour trajectory have been used in the analysis. Results of analysis include estimation of additional trajectory length, additional flight duration, additional fuel consumption, additional carbon dioxide (CO2) emission, and fuel consumption per passenger seat. Obtained results show that the closure of airspace led to a significant change in flight trajectories, including a significant increase in horizontal flight efficiency. Also results of analysis highlight that affect is not limited to financial and logistical challenges for airlines, but also causes an increased load of airspace in neighboring flight information regions, such as Egypt and Saudi Arabia.